App Icon
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Beautiful, compelling icons are a fundamental part of the macOS user experience. Far from being merely decorative, icons play an essential role in communicating with users. To look at home in macOS, an app icon should be meticulously designed, informative, and aesthetically pleasing. It should convey the main purpose of the app and hint at the user experience.
Consider giving your app icon a realistic, unique shape. In macOS, app icons can have the shape of the objects they depict. A unique outline focuses attention on the object and makes it easy to recognize the icon at a glance. If necessary, you can use a circular shape to encapsulate a set of images. Avoid using the rounded rectangle shape that people associate with iOS app icons.
When finished, restart your Mac and try to force empty the Trash as described above. You do not have permission on /.Trash Folder grant yourself Full permission to empty the Trash. To be able to clear or empty trash make sure you have full permission on trash, if not grant yourself full permission using the following command. Open Terminal. Fill out and sign forms right on your Mac. Preview supports a large set of image file types, including JPEG, PNG, PSD, and TIFF. When you receive a photo that you can’t open in your photo editing app, you may be able to convert it to a file type you can use. How to convert graphics file types. To browse the Preview User Guide, click Table.
Design a recognizable icon. People shouldn’t have to analyze the icon to figure out what it represents. For example, the Mail app icon uses a stamp, which is universally associated with mail. Take time to design an engaging abstract icon that artistically represents your app’s purpose.
Uninstalling the App. To remove the Vimeo app from your Mac, you can follow these instructions: In Finder, select Go in the top navigation bar and choose “Applications” Locate the Vimeo app and drag it to the Trash. Empty the Trash to permanently remove the app. On your Mac, select an item, then choose File Get Info. Click the lock icon to unlock it. Enter an administrator name and password. In the Sharing & Permissions section, do any of the following: Add a user or group: Click the Add button below the list, select a user or group, then click Select.
Embrace simplicity. Find a single element that captures the essence of your app and express that element in a simple, unique shape. Add details cautiously. If an icon’s content or shape is overly complex, the details can be hard to discern, especially at smaller sizes.
Provide a single focus point. Design an icon with a single, centered point that immediately captures attention and clearly identifies your app.
iOS icons
macOS icons
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If you’re creating a macOS version of an iOS app, design a new version of your app icon. Your macOS app icon should be recognizable, but not an exact copy of your iOS app icon. In particular, the macOS icon shouldn’t use the same rounded rectangle shape that the iOS icon uses. App Store, Maps, Notes, and Reminders provide icons for macOS and iOS that are recognizable, yet distinct from one another. Reexamine the way you use images and metaphors in your iOS app icon. For example, if the iOS app icon shows a tree inside the rectangle, consider using the tree itself for your macOS app icon.
Use color judiciously. Don’t add color just to make the icon brighter. Also, smooth gradients typically work better than sharp delineations of color.
Avoid mixing actual text, fake text, and wavy lines that suggest text. If you want text in your icon but you don’t want to draw attention to the words, start with actual text and make it hard to read by shrinking it. This technique also results in sharper details on high-resolution displays. If your app is localized, prefer fake text or wavy lines over actual text in a specific language.
Avoid including photos, screenshots, or interface elements. Photographic details can be very hard to see at small sizes. Screenshots are too complex for an app icon and don’t generally help communicate your app’s purpose. Interface elements in an icon are misleading and confusing. If you want to base your icon on photos, screenshots, or interface elements, design idealized versions that emphasize specific details you want people to notice.
Don’t use replicas of Apple hardware products. Apple products are copyrighted and can’t be reproduced in your icons or images. In general, avoid displaying replicas of devices, because hardware designs tend to change frequently and can make your icon look dated.
Perspective and Textures
Design an icon with appropriate perspective and a realistic drop shadow. In general, an app icon should depict an object as if viewed through an imaginary camera that’s facing the object, positioned just below center, and tilted slightly upward. This camera should be positioned far enough away that the icon is nearly isometric, without appearing distorted. To achieve a realistic drop shadow, imagine a light source that’s also facing the object, but is positioned just above center and tilted slightly downward.
Rotation
Consider tilting your icon after rendering it. A small amount of rotation can help people distinguish your app icon from documents and folders. A rotation of 9 degrees tends to work well.
Use only black in your icon’s drop shadow. In some contexts, such as Cover Flow view mode in Finder, app icons are displayed against a dark background. If an icon’s drop shadow uses colors other than black, the drop shadow can appear more like a glow.
Portray real objects accurately. Icons that represent real objects should look like they’re made of real materials and have real mass. Realistic icons should accurately replicate the characteristics of substances like fabric, glass, paper, and metal in order to convey an object’s weight and feel. For example, the Preview app icon incorporates glass effectively in its magnification tool.
Consider adding a slight glow just inside the edges of your icon. If your app icon includes a dark reflective surface, such as glass or metal, add an inner glow to make the icon stand out and prevent it from appearing to dissolve into dark backgrounds.
App Icon Attributes
All app icons should adhere to the following specifications.
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Attribute | Value |
---|---|
Format | PNG |
Color space | sRGB |
Layers | Flattened with transparency as appropriate |
Resolution | @1x and @2x (see Image Size and Resolution) |
Shape | Square canvas; allow transparency to define the icon shape |
Don't provide app icons in ICNS or JPEG format. Add de-interlaced PNG files in the app icon fields of your Xcode project's asset catalog.
App Icon Sizes
Your app icon is displayed in many places, including in Finder, the Dock, Launchpad, and the App Store. To ensure that your app icon looks great everywhere people see it, provide it in the following sizes.
Icon size (@1x) | Icon size (@2x) |
---|---|
512px × 512px (512pt × 512pt @1x) | 1024px × 1024px (512pt × 512pt @2x) |
256px × 256px (256pt × 256pt @1x) | 512px × 512px (256pt × 256pt @2x) |
128px × 128px (128pt × 128pt @1x) | 256px × 256px (128pt × 128pt @2x) |
32px × 32px (32pt × 32pt @1x) | 64px × 64px (32pt × 32pt @2x) |
16px × 16px (16pt × 16pt @1x) | 32px × 32px (16pt × 16pt @2x) |
Simplify your icon at smaller sizes. There are fewer pixels to draw as icon size decreases. In your smaller icons, remove unnecessary features and exaggerate primary features so they remain clear. Even when a high-resolution size matches the pixel dimensions of a standard size, you should still consider simplifying the smaller rendered image. For example, the 128pt × 128pt @2x icon appears smaller onscreen than the 256pt × 256pt @1x icon, even though both icons have the same number of pixels. Visually smaller icons shouldn't appear drastically different from their larger counterparts, however. Any variation should be subtle so the icon remains visually consistent when displayed in different environments.
Keep high-resolution and standard-resolution artwork consistent. For example, the 256pt × 256pt @1x and 256pt × 256pt @2x images should look the same. Some people use multiple displays with different resolutions. When they drag your icon between their displays, the icon's appearance shouldn’t suddenly change.
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Preview User Guide
You can open PDFs and images in Preview, change how documents are shown in the Preview window, and get information about the files.
Open PDFs and images
You can double-click a PDF or image file to open it by default in Preview. You can also open Preview and select the files you want to view.
- In the Preview app on your Mac, choose File > Open.
- Locate and select the file or files you want to open, then click Open.Tip: To open a file you’ve worked on recently, choose File > Open Recent.
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To open a document in iCloud Drive, click iCloud Drive in the Finder sidebar, then double-click the PDF to open it. See Use iCloud Drive to store documents.
From the Desktop, you can also select a file or files, then choose File > Open With > Preview.
If you open multiple files at the same time, you can set them to open in the same Preview window or open in tabs.
View PDFs or images
When you open a PDF with multiple pages, you can view thumbnails of all the pages in the sidebar.
- In the Preview app on your Mac, open a PDF or image that you want to view.
- Do any of the following:
- Show thumbnails: Choose View > Thumbnails or View > Contact Sheet.
- Show a document’s table of contents (if it has one): Choose View > Table of Contents.
- Close the sidebar: Choose View > Hide Sidebar.
- Show pages in a continuous scroll: Choose View > Continuous Scroll.
- Show one page at a time: Choose View > Single Page.
- Show two pages side by side: Choose View > Two Pages.
- Scroll pages: Swipe up or down on the trackpad using two fingers.
- Go to a specific page: Click a thumbnail, or choose Go > Go to Page.
- Go to the previous or next page: Click the Previous button or the Next button in the Preview toolbar. (If you don’t see the buttons, choose View > Customize Toolbar, then add them.) If your Mac has a Force Touch trackpad, you can accelerate through the previous or next pages by pressing and holding the button, then adding pressure; the more firmly you press, the faster you move through the pages.
Change how thumbnails are shown
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If a window sidebar contains multiple PDFs, you may have trouble finding a particular document. You can collapse a PDF’s page thumbnails so you see only the PDF’s filename.
- In the Preview app on your Mac, open a PDF or image that you want to view.
- Do any of the following:
- View thumbnails: Choose View > Thumbnails or View > Contact Sheet.
- Sort thumbnails: Control-click a thumbnail, then choose an item from the Sort By submenu in the shortcut menu.The thumbnails are sorted by file. You can’t sort PDF page thumbnails within a PDF.
- Change the size of the thumbnails: Choose View > Thumbnails, then drag the sidebar’s separator to the left or right to change the width of the sidebar.
- Collapse or expand PDF thumbnails: Click the arrow next to the PDF’s filename in the sidebar.
View information about PDFs or images
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You can use the Inspector to view information about a document or image, such as file size, the author’s name, and the image resolution.
- In the Preview app on your Mac, open a PDF or image that you want to view.
- Choose Tools > Show Inspector, then do any of the following:
- Get general file information: Click the General Info Inspector button .
- View keywords: Click the Keywords button . See Assign keywords to a PDF or image.
- View a list of annotations: Click the Annotations Inspector button . To display an annotation, double-click it. See Annotate a PDF or Annotate an image.
- View encryption and permission information in a PDF: Click the Encryption button . See Password-protect a PDF.
- View cropping information in a PDF: When using a selection tool, you can click the Crop Inspector button to view the dimensions of the content you are selecting, and choose a unit of measurement that’s displayed in the Crop Inspector window.
- View information about an image: Click the More Info Inspector button . See See where a photo was taken
Zoom in or out
- In the Preview app on your Mac, open a PDF or image that you want to view.
- Do any of the following:
- Zoom in or out: Choose View > Zoom In or View > Zoom Out. On some trackpads, you can pinch your thumb and index finger closed or open on the trackpad. See Use trackpad and mouse gestures.
- View the original size of an image or page: Choose View > Actual Size.
- Zoom to a particular section of an image or PDF: Choose Tools > Rectangular Selection, select the section, then choose View > Zoom to Selection.
- View a page at a specific percentage of its original size: Type a percentage in the Scale field in the toolbar.If you don’t see the Scale field, choose View > Customize Toolbar, then drag the Scale field to the toolbar.
- Magnify an area in an image or PDF: Choose Tools > Show Magnifier, then move the pointer over the area you want to magnify. To stop magnifying, choose Tools > Hide Magnifier or press the Esc key.
See alsoDisplay several files in one Preview window on MacFind text in PDFs in Preview on MacBookmark PDF pages in Preview on MacKeyboard shortcuts in Preview on MacChange a window’s background color in Preview on Mac